Mythology

Significance of Greek Mythology
Greek Mythology extends all the way back to the Bronze Age, is one of the most celebrated histories worldwide and has influenced culture, architecture, and modern storytelling more so than any other.

It’s the figures of Greek mythology who have truly been immortalized, having their life stories told over and over again for thousands of years. In Greek antiquity one of the greatest honors you could receive in life was to have your name live through the Ages–to be remembered. And many of them achieved that type of immortality. To this day it is their names and symbolism that colors much of the modern world, hidden in plain sight.

The Greeks influenced much of western culture and it was the pagan Greeks, worshiping the ancient Gods, who invented and enforced democracy. Which is one of the many reasons that so much of our Government  architecture is based on the ancient Greek temples.

I’d say that’s pretty significant.

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The time period of Greek Mythology is before the time that writing was invented in ancient Greece.
That is, before about 700BCE.

The Trojan War is considered myth, and that was about 1100BCE. Although it’s borderline, since many believe that the war really happened, though the events recounted in the myths are made up.

After about 500BC we have ‘historical’ events recounted by people like Herodotus, such as the Peloponesian War.

The first God in Greek Mythology
OURANUS.
This is the correct transliterative spelling of Uranus, the father of Cronos (also correctly spelled), who in turn was the father of Zeus.
Greek theistic mythology begins with Chaos, (the void) out of the which came Gaia (the Earth), Eros (Love), Tartarus (the Abyss), and Erebus (Darkness). Gaia gave birth to Uranus (the Sky) who impregnated her to create the Titans, one of whom was Cronos (Time).
Uranus/Ouranus is considered the first true God, as all the predescessors were merely “primal forces”.
HOWEVER, there is no standard for Greek mythology as there was really no such uniform place or nation as Greece, what we know as Greece was a collection of island cultures, the Hellenistic differed from the Corinthian differed from the Mycaenian, etc, etc.The above is the most widespread & most frequently recognised, taken form the writings of Hesiod.
And all the Greek gods were appropriated from other cultures anyway!

Legendry creatures in Greek Mythology
Athos, Calydonian,  Boar, Campe, Centaur, Cerberus, Ceryneian Hind, Charon, Charybdis (Kharybdis), Chimera, Chiron, Chrysaor, Clytias (Klytias), Cretan Bull, Cyclopes (Kyklopês),
Delphi, Demigod/Demigoddess, Hellhounds, Dragons, Dryad, Echidna, Empousa, Enceladus (Enkelados), Erymanthian Boar, EuryaleFates- see the Moirae, Furies, Geryon, Gigantes,Gigantes, Gorgons,Graeae, Griffins, Harpies, Hecatonchires, Hippocampus
Hippalectryon,Hydra- see Lernaean Hydra, Laelaps (mythology), Lamia,Lernaean Hydra (The Hydra)
Immortals
Mares of Diomedes, Medusa, Mermaid, Minotaur, Moirae (The Fates), Nemean Lion, Nymph
Oceanid, Ophiotaurus, Orthrus
Pegasus, Phoenix, Polyphemus, Python
Satyr, Scylla (Skylla), Silenus, Siren, Sphinx, Spectre, Stheno, Stymphalian Birds, Talos, Teumessian fox (see also Laelaps

Source:- Yahoo Answers